Aspergillin

Product description:It is an antibacterial substance isolated from two molds of the genus Aspergillus (A. flavus and A. fumigatus) and reported to possess activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Gliotoxin is a sulfur-containing mycotoxin produced by several species of fungi, some of which are pathogens of humans such as Aspergillus, and also by species of Trichoderma, and Penicillium. Previously gliotoxin has also been reported in yeasts of the genus Candida; results of a recent study of 100 clinical Candida isolates, however, have cast doubt on the occurrence of this metabolite in this group of fungi. However, a study published in 1991 by Shah and Larsen found "Clinical Isolates of yeast produce a Gliotoxin like substance" in 32 of 50 isolates tested.It was originally isolated from Gliocladium fimbriatum, and was named accordingly. It is an epipolythiodioxopiperazine metabolite.
Gliotoxin possesses immunosuppressive properties as it may suppress and cause apoptosis in certain types of cells of the immune system, including neutrophils, eosinophils, granulocytes, macrophages, and thymocytes. It also acts as an inhibitor of farnesyl transferase. It noncompetitively inhibits the chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20S proteasome. In vivo it displays anti-inflammatory activity.It acts by blocking thiol groups in the cell membranes. It was investigated as an antibiotic and antifungal in the 1940's and recently as an antiviral agent.
Synonyms: gliotoxin;SN-12780
Molar mass:326.4 g/mol 
Appearance:white to light yellow solid 
Solubility: in DMSO soluble
Structure: